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L'eme ossigenasi 1 aumenta il numero delle cellule progenitrici dell'endotelio

Alla sua funzione primaria (metabolizzazione dell'eme a CO, ferro e biliverdina), l'eme ossigenasi 1 aggiunge un effetto protettivo sulla parete arteriosa promuovendo l'attività antiinfiammatoria, inibendo la proliferazione delle cellule muscolari lisce e, soprattutto, inducendo la riparazione dell'endotelio danneggiato. Alcuni farmaci, come i derivati del probucol, aumentano l'attività dell'eme ossigenasi 1 e questo potrebbe spiegare il loro effetto antiaterosclerotico.

Heme oxygenase-1 increases endothelial progenitor cells

Wu BJ, Midwinter RG, Cassano C, Beck K, Wang Y, Changsiri D, Gamble JR, Stocker R.

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009;29:1537-42

OBJECTIVE: Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects against atherosclerotic disease in part by promoting reendothelialization. As endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to reendothelialization, we examined the role of HO-1 on bone marrow and circulating EPCs. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a rabbit model of aortic balloon injury, pharmacological induction of HO-1 enhanced reendothelialization at sites with and without adjacent blood vessels, the latter indicative of a contribution by EPCs. Coinciding with maximal HO-1 induction in the injured vessel, plasma concentrations of bilirubin and the numbers of circulating progenitor cells were elevated. Both processes were abolished by cotreatment of the animals with an inhibitor of HO-1. Inducers of HO-1 promoted bone marrow cells to form progenitor cell colonies, and Flk1(+)/Sca-1(+)-cells to adhere to the luminal surface of the injured vessel. In noninjured mice, HO-1 inducers also increased bone marrow and circulating EPCs, and the ability of these cells to differentiate and form colonies. Compared to wild-type mice, bone marrow cells from HO-1(-/-) mice generated fewer endothelial colony-forming cells, and HO-1 inducers failed to promote CFU-Hill colony formation. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that HO-1 contributes to vascular repair by increasing circulating EPCs derived from the bone marrow.